Ultra-Processed foods may be linked to death: Study suggests possible connection
International research suggests that diets rich in ultra-processed foods may be linked to higher rates of premature mortality. In the US, 124,000 premature deaths were caused by ultra-processed foods. In the UK, nearly 18,000.
A study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine indicates that high consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) could be linked to a significant number of premature deaths. The research analyzed data from eight countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Brazil, and Mexico, to assess the potential effects of these products on public health.
UPFs include foods such as sausages, soft drinks, sugary cereals, ice cream, snacks, and ready-to-eat meals. These products often contain multiple additives, artificial colors, flavors, and other components not found in fresh or minimally processed foods.
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Differences between countries and potential public health implications
The report estimates that in the United States and the United Kingdom—where UPFs represent more than 50% of daily caloric intake—up to 14% of premature deaths could be related to their consumption. In contrast, in countries like Colombia and Brazil, where these products represent less than 20% of the diet, the estimated figure drops to 4%.
The study's lead author, Eduardo Nilson, emphasized that industrial processing and the use of artificial ingredients could be negatively affecting health. However, he acknowledged that factors such as physical activity, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status may also play a role, so the study does not establish a definitive causal relationship.
In the US, 124,000 premature deaths were caused by ultra-processed foods. In the UK, nearly 18,000. Photo: Medical News.net
Methodological criticisms and the food industry's position
Independent experts warn about the study's limitations. Professor Kevin McConway of the Open University noted that the conclusions are based on statistical models with multiple assumptions, making it impossible to determine with certainty whether ultra-processed foods are the direct cause of the estimated deaths.
The food industry has also responded. The UK Food and Drink Federation questioned the use of the term "ultra-processed," arguing that it stigmatizes products that can be part of a balanced diet. They also stated that all additives used are regulated by food safety agencies and are considered safe for consumption.